Tag: systemic lupus erythematosus

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Symptoms: A Comprehensive Overview

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), commonly known as lupus, is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organs and systems, presenting a wide range of symptoms. This diagram highlights the diverse manifestations of SLE, from systemic effects like fever to specific organ involvement such as pleura and pericardium inflammation. Gaining a thorough understanding of these symptoms is essential for recognizing and managing this complex condition effectively.

Immune Hypersensitivity: Understanding the Four Types of Reactions

The immune system, designed to protect the body, can sometimes overreact, leading to hypersensitivity reactions that cause tissue damage or disease. This diagram outlines the four types of hypersensitivity—Type I, II, III, and IV—each involving distinct mechanisms and immune components, primarily mediated by B cells or T cells. Exploring these reactions provides a deeper understanding of how the immune system can both defend and, in some cases, harm the body under specific conditions.

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Rule of Nines: Accurately Calculating Burn Size for Optimal Treatment

This diagram illustrates the Rule of Nines, a crucial tool for rapidly estimating the total body surface area (TBSA) affected by burns in adults. This standardized method assigns specific percentage values to different anatomical regions, providing an immediate assessment that guides critical decisions regarding fluid resuscitation, pain management, and the need for specialized burn care. Understanding this calculation is fundamental for emergency medical professionals.

Throat Swab Techniques: A Guide to Diagnosing Throat Infections

This image clearly demonstrates the essential technique for performing a throat swab, a common and crucial diagnostic procedure used to collect samples from the back of the throat. This method is vital for identifying bacterial or viral infections that cause sore throats, enabling accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. The diagram highlights the key tools and anatomical landmarks involved in ensuring a proper sample collection.

Coarctation of the Aorta Aortic Repair: Understanding a Critical Congenital Heart Defect

This series of images illustrates the surgical intervention for coarctation of the aorta, a serious congenital heart defect where a segment of the aorta is narrowed. This condition obstructs blood flow from the heart to the body, particularly the lower extremities, and can lead to significant health complications if left untreated. The images demonstrate the surgical process to correct this critical narrowing.

Carotid Endarterectomy: Preventing Stroke by Clearing Arteries

This diagram clearly illustrates carotid endarterectomy, a surgical procedure designed to remove plaque buildup from the carotid arteries. These vital arteries in the neck supply blood to the brain, and blockages can significantly increase the risk of stroke. The images depict the stages of plaque removal and the subsequent repair of the artery, highlighting a crucial intervention in neurovascular health.

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