Tag: ischemia

The Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) is a non-invasive diagnostic test used to assess vascular health by comparing blood pressure in the arms and legs. This procedure is the gold standard for detecting peripheral artery disease (PAD), a condition causing reduced blood flow to the limbs due to narrowed arteries. By utilizing a Doppler ultrasound device and standard pressure cuffs, clinicians can calculate a ratio that indicates the severity of arterial blockage, allowing for early intervention and management of cardiovascular risks.

This anatomical comparison diagram illustrates the physiological differences between a healthy vascular system and one compromised by Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD). The image highlights the progressive narrowing of the arteries in the leg due to the accumulation of plaque, a process known as atherosclerosis, which significantly restricts blood flow and oxygen delivery to the lower extremities.

Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) is a progressive circulatory disorder characterized by the narrowing or blockage of the arteries supplying blood to the limbs, most commonly the legs and feet. When this condition reaches an advanced stage, known as critical limb ischemia, the complete cessation of blood flow results in tissue death. The image provided illustrates a severe manifestation of this disease, where peripheral arterial disease has led to necrosis (gangrene) of multiple toes, evidenced by the blackening and mummification of the tissue due to prolonged oxygen deprivation.

Feline Aortic Thromboembolism (FATE), commonly known as a saddle thrombus, is a devastating condition where a blood clot obstructs the distal aorta in cats. This article provides a detailed anatomical and pathological insight into this critical veterinary emergency, explaining the location and impact of the thrombus on blood flow to the hind limbs and other vital organs. Discover the crucial vascular structures involved and the severe consequences of this life-threatening condition.

Myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart muscle is severely reduced or blocked, leading to tissue damage. This article provides a comprehensive overview of how plaque buildup and blood clots in the coronary arteries trigger a heart attack. Understand the critical role of coronary arteries, the impact of blockages, and the consequences for heart muscle health.